1- Write the name of three nonsense codon ?
Ans- One
of the mRNA sequences (UAA, UAG, UGA) that signals the termination of
translation. A codon for which no normal tRNA molecule exists. The presence of
a nonsense codon causes termination of translation (ending polypeptide chain
synthesis). There are three nonsense codons are called amber(UAG) ochre(UAA)
and opal (UGA).
2- Who proposed chromosomal theory of heredity ?
Ans-Theodor Boveri and Walter Sutton are the scientists credited with an extension of Mendel's laws, known as the chromosome theory of inheritance.
3- What is Biopesticides ?
Ans- Biopesticides are certain types of pesticides derived from such natural materials as animals, plants, bacteria, and certain minerals. For example, canola oil and baking soda have pesticidal applications and are considered biopesticides.
4- Which plant is called "Terror of Bengal" ?
Ans- Water hyacinth( Eichhornia crassipes) is known as the terror of bengal because it is an exotic shrub which strongly competes with the native species and has also eliminated many of them.
5- Which toxic material is found in Tobacco ?
Ans- Nicotine
6- What is the function of tapetum ?
Ans- Tapetum is important for the nutrition and development of pollen grains, as well as a source of precursors for the pollen coat.
7- What is Hardy-Weinberg principal?
Ans-Hardy-Weinberg law Hardy and Weinberg have both presented independently. According to Hardy Weinberg rule in the field of population genetics, the frequency of alleles (alleles) and genotype in an ideal population remains unchanged. This rule will be fully implemented on the same population which adhere to these ideals [1]:
1. Gender is only sexual
2. Only one generation survive at one time
3. Reproduction
4. The possibility of reproduction of both sexes remains the same
5. The population is very big
6. There are equal latent instances in both sexes
7. The public is free from migration, change, or natural selection.
Imagine a diploid population in which there is a mixture of allele A and a, and its occurrences, and which have been defined in such a manner that (all instances will be written in the form of prospects here). On the strength of these extract of genotype, we find that we also find that by which we get genetic balance.
8- Write the function of Amnion ?
Ans-The amnion is a membrane that closely covers the embryo when first formed. It fills with the amniotic fluid which causes the amnion to expand and become the amniotic sac which serves to provide a protective environment for the developing embryo or fetus.
9-What is PBR 322 ? Explain.
Ans- pBR322 is a plasmid and was one of the first widely used E. coli cloning vectors. Created in 1977 in the laboratory of Herbert Boyer at the University of California, San Francisco, it was named after the postdoctoral researchers who constructed it. The p stands for "plasmid," and BR for "Bolivar" and "Rodriguez."
pBR322 is 4361 base pairs in length[1] and has two antibiotic resistance genes – the gene bla encoding the ampicillin resistance (AmpR) protein, and the gene tetA encoding the tetracycline resistance (TetR) protein. It contains the origin of replication of pMB1, and the rop gene, which encodes a restrictor of plasmid copy number. The plasmid has unique restriction sites for more than forty restriction enzymes. Eleven of these forty sites lie within the TetR gene. There are two sites for restriction enzymes HindIII and ClaI within the promoter of the TetR gene. There are six key restriction sites inside the AmpR gene.